Ters, CSIR-HRDC Campus Sector 19, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, India Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-3-9925-Citation: Jakku, R.K.; Mirzadeh, N.; Priv , S.H.; Reddy, G.; Vardhaman, A.K.; Lingamallu, G.; Trivedi, R.; Bhargava, S.K. TetraphenylethyleneSubstituted Bis(thienyl)imidazole (DTITPE), An Efficient Molecular Sensor for the Detection and Quantification of Fluoride Ions. Chemosensors 2021, 9, 285. https:// doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9100285 Academic Editors: Valerio Vignoli and Enza PanzardiAbstract: Fluoride ion plays a pivotal part inside a array of biological and chemical applications having said that excessive exposure may cause extreme kidney and gastric Tetradecyltrimethylammonium Purity & Documentation issues. A very simple and selective molecular sensor, 4,5-di(thien-2-yl)-2-(4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)-phenyl)-1H-imidazole, DTITPE, has been synthesized for the detection of fluoride ions, with detection limits of 1.37 10- 7 M and 2.67 10-13 M, determined by UV-vis. and fluorescence spectroscopy, respectively. The variation inside the optical properties from the molecular sensor in the presence of fluoride ions was explained by an intermolecular charge transfer (ICT) course of action between the bis(thienyl) and tetraphenylethylene (TPE) moieties upon the formation of a N-H–F- hydrogen bond in the imidazole proton. The sensing mechanism exhibited by DTITPE for fluoride ions was confirmed by 1 H NMR spectroscopic studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Test strips coated with the molecular sensor can detect fluoride ions in THF, undergoing a colour modify from white to yellow, which can be observed using the naked eye, showcasing their prospective real-world application. Keyword phrases: bis(thienyl) imidazole; tetraphenylethylene; molecular sensor; fluoride anion; fluorescenceReceived: 23 July 2021 Accepted: 28 September 2021 Published: six OctoberPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.1. Introduction The detection and recognition of anionic analytes has created into an particularly active investigation field in recent years [14]. Anions play a crucial part within a range of biological and chemical processes, and their detection, even at extremely low Aplaviroc MedChemExpress|Aplaviroc Purity & Documentation|Aplaviroc References|Aplaviroc manufacturer|Aplaviroc Autophagy} concentrations, has been the motivation for continuous improvement in sensor improvement over the last couple of decades [15,16]. In accordance with the earlier literature, the probable toxic dose (PTD) of fluoride was defined at five mg/kg of body mass. The PTD would be the minimal dose that could trigger significant and life-threatening indicators and symptoms which call for quick therapy and hospitalization [17]. The fluoride anion, possessing the smallest ionic radii, hard Lewis fundamental nature and higher charge density, has emerged as an attractive subject for sensor design because of its association with a wide range of organic, medicinal, and technological procedures. Furthermore, fluoride ions play a significant part in dental health [18] and has been utilized for the therapy of osteoporosis [191] and for military makes use of, like the refinement of uranium for nuclear weapons [22]. It’s readily absorbed by the human bodyCopyright: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed below the terms and situations with the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Chemosensors 2021, 9, 285. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensorshttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/chemosensorsChemosensors 20.