Ies, and related photoautotrophs. Environmental situations at the variety locality: Discharge (L s-1): 3.five, Temperature ( C): five.three, conductivity ( cm-1): 62, alkalinity ( q L-1): 311, pH: six.six, nitrate (mg L-1): 1.2, TP ( L-1): 7 (see [1] for more particulars). As concerns photoautotrophs, in this quite shaded supply the competitive balance involving big groups (algae, lichens, bryophytes, and vascular plants) is clearly favorable to the mosses, which cover virtually each of the lithic substrata [dominance of Brachythecium rivulare W.P. Schimper, each submerged and, in large portions, emerged, as well as a certain relevance of Plagiomnium undulatum (Hedw.) T.J. Kop. and Rhizomnium punctatum (Hook.) T.J. Kop.]. Vascular plants aren’t abundant (as cover), and Adenostyles glabra (Miller) DC. and Saxifraga rotundifolia L. might be pointed out amongst them. In terms of cover, bryophytes are followed by lichens. These include two species which are hardly ever reported in Italy: Verrucaria madida Orange, an amphibious species in frequently flooded web-sites on siliceous rocks, generally in association with other aquatic lichens and bryophytes, and Verrucaria aquatilis Mudd., prevalent both in springs and along streams, in situations of perennial/frequent submersion. Benthic macroalgae are uncommon and mostly represented by the red freshwater alga Iprodione custom synthesis Hildenbrandia rivularis (Liebmann) J. Agardh, which is characteristic of shaded springs with well-buffered waters and medium-high conductivity. The main co-occurring diatom species in the kind locality (no less than five relative abundance in one of the slides): Achnanthidium minutissimum sp. gr., Amphora inariensis Krammer, Amphora indistincta Levkov, Brachysira exilis (K z.) Round and D.G.Mann Cocconeis pseu-Diversity 2021, 13,8 ofDiversity 2021, 13,Sulphates (mg L-1) Cl-1 (mg L-1) TN ( L-1) SRP ( L-1) Mn ( L-1) Zn ( L-1)dolineata (Geitler) Lange-Bert., Gomphonema elegantissimum E.Reichardt and Lange-Bert., Humidophila perpusilla (Grunow) Lowe, Kociolek, J.R.Johansen, Van de Vijver, Lange-Bert. 9 of 20 and Kopalov Planothidium angustilanceolatum sp. nov., P. frequentissimum (Lange-Bert.) Lange-Bert., P. lanceolatum, Psammothidium grischunum Bukht. and Round. Ecology (Table 1, Figure 3a). With reference to temperature, E. crassiminor includes a Melitracen Biological Activity reduce optimum weighted average than E. minor (Table 1); regularly, E. crassiminor -11 5.1 1.4 11.5 2.two 1.four 4.three -7.39 1.45 ten also seems 0.4prefer sites0.two to which are additional shaded (Figure 3b). As issues pH2.28 10-5 (Figure 3e), 1.7 0.8 0.2 0.8 four.53 interestingly, E. crassiminor1272 appears to prefer circumneutral values while E. minor occurs 340 0 649 0 1272 four.29 7.69 10-5 at slightly acidic ones. E. crassiminor includes a greater weighted typical -2.25 for sulphates while 2 0 six two 0 three two.69 10-2 E. minor includes a greater optimum for manganese (Table 1). In distinct, with reference to 0.6 0.2 0.two 9.eight 7.five 7.5 4.95 2.59 10-5 nitrogen, E. crassiminor appears to be associated with extra strict oligotrophy than E. minor. 101 0 40 37 0 107 -2.12 3.56 10-Figure three. (a). Box and whisker plots displaying the ecological preferences of Eunotia crassiminor as when compared with E. minor. Figure 3. (a). Box and whisker plots showing the ecological preferences of Eunotia crassiminor as in comparison to E. minor. Only environmental factors/parameters for which statistically significant variations may very well be located are shown. Only environmental factors/parameters for which statistically considerable differences might be identified are shown.Taxonomic comments.