Lowing the national and regional rules, and taking care that the primary situations through fire application in the experimental web-site (absence of wind and air humidity in between 50 and 60) had been perfect, to avoid an uncontrolled wildfire. The burn severity of soils immediately after the prescribed fire was low, in line with the classification by [35].Land 2021, 10, 1166 Land 2021, ten, x FOR PEER REVIEW4 of four of 31Figure 1. Location of experimental websites (Samo, Calabria, Southern Italy). Figure 1. Place of your the experimental web-sites (Samo, Calabria, Southern Italy).Straw is typically and as a mulch material, two.2. Prescribed Fire OperationsusedMulching Application primarily in croplands, and this mulch will not be constantly appropriate in forest places. Biomass transport from agricultural web-sites might be The prescribed fire was carried out in early June 2019, following the national and high priced, and these vegetal residues normally include agro-chemicals and parasites, with regional rules, and taking care that the main circumstances through fire application at the exthe feasible development of non-native vegetation and illnesses to forest plants [36]. perimental web-site (absence of wind and air humidity between 50 and 60) had been ideal, to MCC950 sodium Woodchips are sometime employed as a mulch material in forests (specifically in young stands), prevent an uncontrolled wildfire. The burndifficult, because of the require of significant machinery andlow, but production could be Ikarugamycin In Vivo pricey and severity of soils soon after the prescribed fire was a sizable according to the classification by [34]. (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn), which is abundant on amount of wood biomass [37]. Fern Straw is commonly utilized as a mulch not bring non-native seeds or chemical residues in to the Mediterranean forest floor and doesmaterial, mostly in croplands, and this mulch is notthe forest ecosystem, may perhaps places. Biomass transport from agricultural web-sites may well However, usually suitable in forest replace straw for the mulching of fire-affected areas. be high-priced, and these for the present investigation have evaluated its suitability as a mulchthe no research prior vegetal residues usually contain agro-chemicals and parasites, with cover possible development of non-native vegetation and diseases to forest plants [35]. Woodfor burned soils. chips are sometime used as a web sites, 1 day just after the fire, little pieces young stands), but of In the experimental mulch material in forests (specifically in (maximum length production might stems had been applied for the soil as a mulch material in a element along with a massive five cm) of fern be pricey and complicated, because of the need of huge machinery of the burned level of wood biomass [36]. Fern (Pteridiumforest and also the fresh residues had been spread around the region. The fern was supplied in the same aquilinum (L.) Kuhn), that is abundant on theground at a dose of 500 g/m2 ofdoes not bring(200 g/m2 of dry matter, as suggested for Mediterranean forest floor and fresh weight non-native seeds or chemical residues in to the forest ecosystem, may well replace straw for the mulching of fire-affected areas. Howstraw mulching by [38,39]). ever, no studies before the present investigation have evaluated its suitability as a mulch two.3. Hydrological Monitoring cover for burned soils. At In every forest web-site, web pages, series of plots (each and every onesmall three replications) were delimited the experimental three one day following the fire, with pieces (maximum length of 5 cm) of fern stems distance, between 1.5 and 20mulch material inside a part of the burned region. at a reciprocal we.