E roughness amongst the gold leading electrodes and also the surface of your high- sample. As pointed out inside a theoretical study in [46] on the impact of 1 electrode’s roughness on the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor, the higher the surface irregularities and roughness from the electrode are, the higher will be the capacitance. The interface roughness beneath the gold pads inside the case of our samples increases the helpful region with the top rated electrode for the different micro-capacitor structures. It consequently naturally follows that the larger gold pad areas incorporate a stronger contribution on the parasitic capacitance as observed experimentally in Figure 8b,e. three.two.2. Frequency Measurements To the best of our information, few results happen to be reported within the literature regarding the values from the dielectric continual with the high- materials (PZT and PMN-PT) within the microwave variety [15,479]. The study from the frequency dependence of this worth is of key technological value as it dictates the response of dielectric supplies in highfrequency electronic applications. For this, we perform a series of measurements by varying the microwave frequency in SMM in between 1.49 and 5.53 GHz as shown in Figure 10. The upper limit is dictated by the available selection of frequency on the VNA employed within this perform.Nanomaterials 2021, 11,inside the microwave range [15,479]. The study in the frequency dependence of this value is of crucial technological value as it dictates the response of dielectric materials in highfrequency electronic applications. For this, we carry out a series of measurements by varying the microwave frequency in SMM amongst 1.49 and 5.53 GHz as shown in Figure 14 of 19 10. The upper limit is dictated by the readily available array of frequency around the VNA employed in this function.Figure 10. Dielectric constant of PZT (a) and PMN-PT (b) samples as a function of the VNA frequency. The error bars Figure 10. Dielectric constant of PZT (a) and PMN-PT (b) samples as a function on the VNA frequency. The error bars correspond to the combined uncertainty. correspond to the combined uncertainty.Figure 10a shows the variation of rr for the PZT sample within the range of frequency Figure 10a shows the variation of for the PZT sample in the range of frequency stated above. A FAUC 365 Protocol slight decreasing tendency is noticeable because the microwave frequency stated above. A slight decreasing tendency is noticeable as the microwave frequency increases (blue line). This lower is within a excellent agreement with results reported in [47]. It increases (blue line). This reduce is inside a great agreement with outcomes is DMPO Purity noteworthy that aaweighted least square regression applied toto the set of values leads is noteworthy that weighted least square regression applied the set of values results in a slope of r/f = /f = (18.4 GHz. It’s much more hazardous to conclude on a decreasing to a slope of r (18.four 1.six)/ 1.6)/GHz. It truly is a great deal far more hazardous to conclude on a decreasing of r for the sample as shown in Figure 10b. Additionally, the series of r for the PMN-PTPMN-PT sample as shown in Figure 10b. Furthermore, theseries of measurements within this case has been performed on two split sets of gold pad structures. measurements in this case has been performed on two split sets of gold pad structures. This really is mainly on account of the deterioration of in the electrical contrast the initial very first set of pads. This mostly as a consequence of the deterioration the electrical contrast on around the set of gold gold The results in the very first initially set correspond to t.